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Castle Cliffe has had a long and varied history. Having
been occupied for over 700 years, the house has had
a number of major makeovers in the 17th, 18th and 19th
centuries, mirroring the changes of use the building
has undergone.
Castle Cliffe started life as the imposing watergate
of one of the largest English strongholds of the Welsh
Marches, Hereford Castle. John Speede's map of 1610
shows Castle Cliffe in the wall of the castle bailey
still functioning as the watergate, but the English
Civil Wars of the 1650s saw an end to this role. Documentation
shows that by 1677 the castle was in ruins and the watergate
referred to simply as the "dwelling house"
or "Governor's Lodge", its first recorded
use as a residence. A little over a hundred years later,
in 1787 evidence of a further change of use appears
in J. Symond's drawing of the "Bridewell"
(prison or local lock-up).
Converting
the house back to residential use in the late 18th century,
meant large south facing windows were added, the eastern
basements were filled in and the present day rooms were
laid out. Not to be outdone, the Victorians added yet
more windows and replaced a number of rotten floors.
The 20th century obsession with curing damp problems
meant that the house suffered hugely under the liberal
application of modern plaster, cement and concrete,
all totally inappropriate for use in a house of this
age. We are gradually repairing and restoring the damage
using traditional building methods - haired lime plaster,
new oak beams, lime wash and breathable paints. The
primary concern is to allow the building to "breathe",
which centres on the use of lime and its derivatives
and 'low-tech' solutions to age-old problems. Unlike
modern building materials and paints, lime is porous,
which allows the free passage of moisture in and out
of the building, allowing it to find its own equilibrium.
With good ventilation and plenty of regular heating,
old buildings feel as dry and damp free as modern buildings
feel, providing a warm and cosy atmosphere.
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